Compare and contrast two works Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Look into two works - Essay Example while in transit to Canterbury and two stories in transit back, however either Chaucer never completed the excursion or the whole assortment has never been found. What is one of a kind about the stories is that each character has an alternate voice and an alternate point of view on life. Accordingly, a large number of these characters and stories speak to the predominant standards of the age on the grounds that the characters recount stories that relate near their characters and life station. Much of the time, these accounts can be compared against one another to show two unique perspectives on a similar idea, for example, the issue of misdirection. While misleading is the foundation of much medieval, and current, humor, it can likewise be very hurtful with the main distinction being by they way it is rehearsed. A case of this sort of juxtaposition can be discovered when one attempts to contrast the Miller’s preamble and story and that of the Pardoner. The Miller recounts to a comic story of a man, his young spouse and her adventures with the youngsters of the town while the Pardoner recounts to an account of three youngsters who set out to slaughter Death and are just ready to discover him through their own insatiability and degeneracy. While individuals are harmed in the Miller’s story, the story concentrates more upon the parody of the circumstance instead of the Pardoner’s story, which is loaded with moral notice for the peril misleading brings to the spirit. Contrasting these two stories uncovers a kind of perfect representation between the Miller, a legit man who recounts to an account of comic double dealing, and the Pardoner, a deceptive man who recount to an account of duplicity as punishment. The contrasts between these two characters are maybe among the primary things to hang out in such an examination. The Miller is presented as a plastered windbag who can't be hushed once he chooses to talk. The host has called up on the Monk to recount to the following story, however the Miller shouts out, first demanding he be permitted to recount to his story, â€Å"Either I’ll talk, or go all alone way† (124), at that point declining to adjust

Economic Model Of Price Determination In A Market Economics Essay

Financial Model Of Price Determination In A Market Economics Essay As a financial model of value assurance in a market, the connection among gracefully and request is a point being talked about for quite a while. We may consider request a power which will in general increment the cost of a decent, and furthermore that flexibly as a power which will in general lessen the cost. As indicated by the microeconomics hypothesis, the value P of an item is dictated by a harmony between creation at each value (flexibly S) and the wants of those with buying power at each value (request D).It reasons that in a serious market, the unit cost for a specific cooperative attitude shift until it settles at a point where the amount requested by customers (at current cost) will approach the amount provided by makers (at current cost), bringing about a monetary balance of cost and amount. At the point when the two powers balance each other, the outcome will be that the cost neither ascent nor fall, yet remain stable. This is the similarity that drives us to think about the steady or common cost in a specific market. It is known as the balance cost. As we probably am aware, iPhone now has pulled in incredible consideration and become a warmed subject. Here, we take it for instance: if each purchaser needs and can manage the cost of an iPhone, and APPLE Company is eager to give every one of them one iPhone, the interest and gracefully is in balance status. Notwithstanding the hypothesis above, is there any connection among gracefully request and the market? How to quantify the connection? Is there something else to quantify the elements of gracefully and request in advertise? Or on the other hand they have a few connections while affecting the market? There are three postulations concerning this theme for additional conversation. The primary proposition I have picked is composed by David Huffman. The creator demands that flexibly and request is quantifiable. (Another proposition I present beneath is the inverse: ) He attempts to turn to retail Market Place to addresses these inquiries since he figures the database of Retail Market Place can give an immediate correlation between retail deals and shopper spending by industry and it can subsequently quantifies the hole among gracefully and request. In his postulation, he holds the view that there are two different ways by gracefully or request to gauge action in a retail advertise. The article is predominantly partitioned into three sections to test into this subject: Market Supply (Retail Sales); Market Demand (Retail Potential); The Leakage/Surplus Factor (Supply and Demand). One point must be underscored is that Leakage in a zone speaks to a condition where a business sectors flexibly is not exactly the interest. For such factors, it appears that to gauge the market by utilizing gracefully and request as an apparatus is possible and helpful. There is another proposal by an unknown creator additionally examines the connection of flexibly, request and market. Normally, there consistently exist distinctive value levels where singular purchasers and merchants are fulfilled with the goal that the whole will make a market or balance cost. Yet, in actuality, there will be a few special cases, in light of the fact that a market cost is anything but a reasonable cost to all members in the commercial center. Not just when there is no expansion in the amount of item requested, yet additionally when there is a move popular because of changing shopper inclinations will impact the market cost and arrive at another balance. So does the response to the short run or since quite a while ago run changes. The diagrams underneath are independently depicting change in harmony cost and move sought after. In many areas, iPhone isn't just a wireless however in excess of a contraption of making calls and composing instant messages. iPhone has been an image of certain players, and individuals recognize their character from utilizing iPhone: They have a sharp feeling of prominence; They appreciate being an individual from their circle and they like speaking with genuine companions or net companions; They energetically break the convention and want something new㠢â‚ ¬Ã¢ ¦ Though the cost of iPhone is sufficiently high to control most buyers, numerous individuals pick iPhone for substantiating themselves extraordinary. Such connection of gracefully and request concludes that iPhone possesses in the High End of the market. In the event that the cost of iPhone diminishes, on one hand, it will without a doubt pull in more buyers, yet then again, numerous past purchasers will stop in light of the fact that iPhone is not, at this point exceptional and uncommon. In any case, in the article composed by JUSTIN WOLFERS in 2009, the writer contends that gracefully and request are hard to quantify. At the earliest reference point of the article, the writer brings up the issue of Catherine Rampell, Does bringing down the cost of broadband increment its utilization, which brings an examination and a progression of information and outline attempting to make sense of the interest bend. Notwithstanding, the fact of the matter is consistently past the hypothesis just in the reading material. Once in a while shockingly, the outcome is unique however the wellspring of information is the equivalent. The creator gives a guide to delineate it: a flexibly fixated market analyst were keen on soliciting Does expanding use from broadband raise its cost? with the goal that he may look at information on broadband costs and selection rates. He hopes to see progressively broadband connected with more significant expenses in light of the fact that the gracefully bend is upward slanting however without a doubt the outcome will be inverse for an interest fixated financial analyst. As we probably am aware, there are numerous sorts of components producing results. On one hand, the determinants of gracefully incorporate creation costs, the innovation of creation, the cost of related products, firms assumptions regarding future costs, number of providers, and so forth. Then again, the determinants of interest involve salary, tastes and inclinations, costs of related merchandise and ventures, desires and number of Buyers. Whats more, it is accepted that considering in of Marketing likewise has something to do with the bends since promoting drives request here and there. In a wide assortment of noteworthy and current models, we discover increasingly more proof that with shifts sought after or in gracefully causing changes in cost and amount, we can clarify changes in amounts just as costs as the balance of flexibly and request. The adjustments in cost and amount are composed from numerous points of view that can be comprehended as well as anticipated, at the reason that we comprehend the hypothesis of gracefully and request. As the subject of the article, the writer believes that the elements affecting the balance are unquestionably progressively convoluted so Supply and Demand Are Hard to Measure. Somewhat, that is on the grounds that costs and amounts are dictated by both gracefully and request. The creator has another thought that nationality has impact and it in fact has any kind of effect. It is called attention to that costs and amounts vary across nations, which breaks the conventional hypothesis of If the two bends were the equivalent in each nation, broadband costs and use would be the equivalent in each nation. A few people may even contend that pay slants the open door cost of broadband proprietorship. It appears to be odd that iPhone sells remarkably well Mainland China. Perhaps you will astound that in such a creating Asian nation, however a little bit of individuals can lead a colossal change. Its actual, and its sure that China has been the best buying power simply after the USA on extravagance products, let along iPhone. Subsequently, what makes gracefully and request hard to gauge is the truth: the world is undoubtedly a blend of the two cases. The creator owes this to a recognizable proof issue, with a piece comical inclination, which emerges correctly on the grounds that costs and amounts are dictated by the two sharp edges of the gracefully and request scissors. The case of iPhone in fact demonstrates that request and flexibly are difficult to quantify. Numerous individuals purchased iPhone not on the grounds that they need it yet for different reasons. Some purchased for staying aware of the most recent pattern, some purchased in light of the fact that others suggested, some purchased for flaunting, and some purchased for having a try㠢â‚ ¬Ã¢ ¦ Here comes the result of over interest. Whats more, if the APPLE Company limits the gracefully so that iPhones appear to be rare to buyers, numerous individuals will press and multitude forward to get essentially one iPhone, even late around evening time before its discharge. Some extravagance organizations likewise advance their articles in constrained release and therefore gracefully and request is inconsistent. We can carry a similar guide to consistently life. On the off chance that we contrast the cost of water with the cost of jewels, there is an emotional distinction. The cost of water is extremely modest and we use it ordinary, for drinking, yet in addition for washing vehicles, watering plants, and for flushing the toilets. In particular water is pivotal for our life. Precious stones then again, has no critical impact to our lives other than flaunting. Jewels are without a doubt extravagance items, yet its segments are essentially carbon. In the event that we expect that the cost of water is amazingly costly, would we despite everything use water to wash our vehicles or flushing the toilets? In the event that the cost of precious stones are as modest as water, will individuals despite everything product it on their fingers or as a commitment blessing? Everything comes down to the hypothesis of shortage. Water is modest just in light of the fact that its simple to get and the world has adequate of it, jewels are costly on the grounds that it takes a great many years to frame and its elusive. By and large, there is as yet something worth processing subsequent to perusing and a few issues stay unsolved. With much uncertainty, a few perusers brought up a rundown of issues. For example, gracefully and request bends must be straight? On the off chance that gracefully and request bends move around in various land districts, or in various timeframes, at that point will we get the opportunity to accept that monetary balance is very much characterized? Regardless of whether the creator expect the movements happen as a result of how inclinations are dispersed or in light of the fact that inclinations change, it appears that theres no assurance that trades are moving toward a productive distribution of resources㠢â‚ ¬Ã¢ ¦ The three propositions above have an arrangement from cement to digest. Truth be told, in the commercial center, it is seldom feasible for flexibly and request to go the

Domestic Violence Home

Domestic Violence Home Children That Grow Up In Domestic Violence Home Home›Research Posts›Children That Grow Up In Domestic Violence Home Research PostsIntroductionThe question of what domestic violence is and its causes has been a question that for a long time has been begging answers, on its face, it is defined as the use of abusive ways by a partner in a relationship to gain control over the other partner. However, in its strict sense, it is the use of various ways not exactly physical by a partner in a relationship to the detriment of the other partner or family. According to Winkel (24), it is the use of means such as name calling, sexual assault, intimidation, physical abuse, withholding of money among other ways so as to make a partner look inferior in a relationship.In law, violence is criminal and acts of physical assault which may include hitting, shoving or sexual abuse which may include rape and stalking are punishable in law. Although other forms of abuse such as emotional and/or psychol ogical abuse are criminal in nature, they may be catalysts of criminal offences. Statistics in the US indicate that between 3 4 million children ranging from 3- 17 are at a risk of domestic violence each year, 95% of the cases usually involve women who are victims of their male counterparts and this implies that the children to this women are exposed to the violence (Winkel, 99).In my case I have been constantly exposed to the cases of violence appropriated to both my mother and I, over the years, I have been forced to come to terms with the daily happenings albeit disturbing., every time I see my dad, I develop phobia against him and as     a result, I am very fearful and anxious since I do not know what will happen next. Winkel (47) states that children exposed to domestic violence are “always on guard, watching and waiting for the next event to occur”, he is of the opinion that the children never know what may be the next cause of the abuse and this creates a feeling of inse curity in the children, “they are always worried for themselves, their mother, and their siblings”.Causes of Domestic ViolencePhysiological TheoryThere are varied theories used in explaining real cause of domestic violence.   For instance the physiological theory keenly focuses on the personality traits and the mental character of the offender. To many author personality disorders are factors and other abusive experiences while as child leads some people to remain violent at adult. The study reveals higher incidence of psychopathy among the abuser.   Environments were violence is either thought or accepted, creates the normal will that further imprints upon the child’s psyche (Chalk, 76). The act of violence especially issues touching on domestic matters, more often is linked to poor self-esteem. This is adapted in to children as they grow up in violent homes. Children from this background are more likely to have little self-worth. They do engage much of their time in a patter n that is liked to negative self-talk. This part of the encounters that brings about isolation and frustration in it hidden anger developed due to inflicted filling of helplessness. At this stage anger marks the primary source, which further fuels the will fan, and thus increased flames of domestic violence. Use of drugs, for instance alcohol abuse may be one among many precursor of domestic violence. The drugs tend to have influence that is seen responsible for uncontrolled behaviour among its users. Most of the commonality cases among alcoholic families, accounts for poor emotional health, to certain extend this develops a secondary anger, which responsibly works as ineffective substitute in dealing honestly with emotions (Chalk, 89).Resource TheoryThe resource theory explains dependant, in this theory the violent action takes place were women dependence on   the spouse for economic support, hence subjected to childcare, in this the fear of increased financial burden arises if the y have to leave the marriage. The increased dependency creates narrowed options concerning resources to help them cope with the change witnessed. The spouse behaviour typically accounts for an increase frequency in domestic conflicts. Where individual experiences loss of physical health and wage earning-power, this mostly is brought out when victims faces the pressure of paying off bills, and this is initiated through inability to fully respond effectively to the required responsibilities.There are reported cases that reflect increased conflicts as a result of inflicted feeling of helplessness, the anger builds up making the offender inadequate coping with the involved mechanism, hence eruption of domestic violence. For spouse that share powers equally incidents of conflicts are reduced, if conflicts arise there are less likely to resort to violence ends. However, if one of the spouses assumes control and power in relationship, this might inflict increased spouse abuse, isolation, i ncreased blames on each spouse, thus violent happenings (Chalk, 93).Behaviours Exhibited by Children Facing Family ViolenceThere are two major behaviours that children in abusive relationships will exhibit; these can be physical or emotional. Emotional behaviour may include the fear that their parents may kill themselves, they may feel guilty over a small thing that he/ she does. Many at times their is sleep disturbance since most fighting happen at night, the child is normally distracted by the noise from the fight; sadness is another habit, this is the mode that a child has to adopt due to fights that happen, depression and anger will also be exhibited because the child will not know what will happen next at any given time, failure to prevent violence in the family will multiply to emotional stress and unresolved anger (Johnson, 12)Apart from emotional behaviour the child can also develop physical responses towards domestic violence, most of the children experience physical abuse as well as sexual abuse, and they can also be injured while trying to intervene on behalf of their mother or father which may lead to injury. Because children are so imitative they tend to practice what they see happen at their home to their fellow children, they will practice withdrawal and anxiousness to please as well as physical violence at the slightest provocation.   Many children experiencing domestic violence are very anxious to an extent that they cannot concentrate in class due to low attention span, resulting to poor performance in school. They sometimes use aggression and violence to express themselves which is not healthy for a child.Long Term Effects of Domestic ViolenceConsistent ViolenceThe long term effects of domestic violence may be very catastrophic; experts have it that most children who are raised in violent environments will have a tendency to solve problems through violence. They tend to repeat the same actions they witnessed while growing up thereby harming their peers. Krug argues that boys who have witnessed violence against their mothers are likely to abuse their female partners when they become adults as compared to boys who have grown up in peaceful homes. During adolescence, girls will tend to grow up believing that it is the norm in relationships to have threats and violence (Ascione et al, 24).Drug and Substance abuseDrug abuse and alcoholism is another likely trend that children from violent homes will exhibit. Most children tend to indulge in alcoholism and substance abuse as a way of forgetting the abuse. According to Johnson (19) witnessing domestic violence is “the single best predictor of juvenile delinquency and adult criminality. It is also the number one reason children run away”. Children who have witnessed domestic violence in their homes always have the belief that they are the reason for the abuse and therefore live in fear. In families where domestic violence is rife, there are very high chances of the occurre nce of child abuse, according to the report child abuse is15 times more likely to occur. This children use alcohol as an excuse to their wanton behaviours.Physical InjuryMost often family violence takes different forms; it may be emotional, physical or psychological. Where there is physical abuse such as assault and battering, victims may suffer bruises, bodily injury such as broken limbs as well as death if care is not taken. Many victims of physical abuse are women and children since they are not strong enough to defend themselves as was my case.Prevention of Domestic ViolencePrevention of domestic violence requires understanding the circumstances and factors that influence violence. According to experts from the Centre for Disease Control, there is a four level strategy that should be employed in order to prevent occurrence of violence. This is defined as a social ecological model that facilitates the better understanding of violence to and potential strategies for prevention. Th ey argue that the model considers the complexity of the interplay between individual, community, relationship and societal factors, which further permits us to tackle the issues of risk and protective factors from a number of sources (Johnson, 36).The four main levels for prevention of domestic violence are Individual-level influences, Relationship-level influences, Societal-level influences and community level.Individual-level influencesAccording to the experts in CDC, personal history factors of an individual normally increase the chances of becoming an Intimate Partner Violence victim or perpetrator. For instance, the attitudes and beliefs about violence, experience of previous cases of violence and/or a family history of violence may contribute tremendously to the possibility of a continuous trend of violence; at this level prevention strategies are designed to enhance attitudes, behaviours and beliefs that support family unity and intimacy based on a symbiotic relationship that involves respect, trust and equality. These can be taught through education and life skills training so as to enhance a wholesome development of a society.Relationship-level influencesThere are also factors that increase risk of perpetration of domestic violence of the kind of relationship that exists between peers, family members and intimate partners. According to Krug et al (22), this is referred to as the relationship-level influences. An individual’s closest social circle partners, peers and family members will greatly influence their behaviour as well as greatly contribute to their experiences. Parents are encouraged to offer good parenthood to their children by listening to their issues as well as making positive comments that will be a seed to a positive attitude to the children. At this level therefore, prevention strategies may include mentoring and peer programs designed to promote intimate partnerships based on mutual respect, equality, and trust.Community LevelThe t hird level of strategy is at the community level which aims at   examining the contexts in which social relationships are developed, this include places   such as such as schools, neighborhoods and workplaces, at this level, the strategy seeks to identify the specific features in these settings that are characteristic of   victims or the perpetrators of violence. At this level prevention strategies are meant to positively influence the processes, climate, and policies in a given situation. More often than not, awareness campaigns are used to foster a communal environment that will enhance intimate partnerships based on equality, trust and mutual respect (Krug et al, 25)Societal-level influencesFinally, there is the Societal-level which is a combination of larger, macro-level factors, among them religious factors, gender inequality, culture and beliefs orientation, a communities norms, as well as policies developed to influence the occurrence of violence, such policies may be economi c or social. Normally, at this level collaborations by anti violence partners to inform and come up with socially accepted norms, policies, and legislations that support unity both in gender and economy so as to encourage intimate partnerships (Krug et al, 27).Domestic violence is a serious problem all over the world. In order to prevent domestic abuse there are several things that you can do to make sure that this situation does not occur within your family. Furthermore, actions can also be taken to promote the prevention of domestic abuse on a wider scale in order to help those who are already suffering from this terrible issue. Exposure to good programming on the mass media channels will also go a long way in as far as prevention of domestic violence is concerned, Krug (32) states that if children are exposed to “abusive” media such as action films and programmes like wrestling at a tender age, they are most likely going to be perpetrators of violence since it is what they go t used to. Any shows on the radio and television that promote abuse should not be allowed. If already exposed to violence, as was my case then guiding and counseling would provide a safe landing to avoid further occurrences. A good counseling process will help in making an individual understand himself and get over the abuse he/she has been exposed to.Conclusion and RecommendationsAccording to Johnson(38) Domestic violence is a major problem facing about 3.3 million children ever year in the United States, its consequences affect children in many ways, children subjected and exposed to domestic violence stand a risk of developing behavioral problems. As a child grows the trauma that they experience as witnesses of family violence play a very important role in their growth and subsequent physical well being. These children stand a very high risk of developing physical, behavioral, and social problems, as well as emotional problems. Children from such families more often than not deve lop conflicting feelings of distrust and affection towards the abusive parent; they also become overprotective of the victim.Being a firsthand victim of domestic violence, I strongly recommend that the state should come up with strict legislation that will protect the children and generally families exposed to violence. I further recommend that children exposed to domestic violence should be exposed to a safe nurturing environment so as to encourage a healthy development. Caregivers should reassure the children as well as increase sense of security through taking the children step by step in explaining things that worry the children as well as comforting them. Finally, all family members should be more involved in assisting families facing domestic violence.

Cuba Dining Habits Geographic Setting Essay - 1087 Words

CUBA DINING HABITS GEOGRAPHIC SETTING: The Republic of Cuba consists of one large island and several small ones situated on the northern rim of the Caribbean Sea. The food diet of Cubans relies only on those agricultural products which are useful for growth in the island. 2 HISTORY OF FOOD The mixture of both Spanish and African cultures formed the base of Cuban food . Citrus fruits such as lemons and oranges were brought by Spanish along with rice and vegetables. They also grew sugar cane, a major Cuban crop. Africans advanced a taste for fruits and vegetables such as maize (corn), okra, and cassava. 3 FOODS OF THE CUBANS Spain and Africa add most to Cuban cuisine. The Cuban food is not based on seasonings, sauces etc. The most popular food of Cuba is black beans and meats. Root vegetables are most often flavoured with mojo, a mixtures of lemon juice, onions, garlic, and cumin olive oil. The most common meals based those made with pork, chicken, rice, beans, tomatoes, and lettuce. Hot spices are rarely used in Cuban cooking. Fried (polo Frito) or grilled (polo as ado) chicken and grilled pork chops are Fried plantains, like white rice and black beans, are part of almost every dinner menu. In Cuba, the plantains would be fried in oil about one inch deep. 4 Food timings: the breakfast is served between 7-10 am, lunch from 1-3 pm and dinner after 7 pm. All three courses are dominated by the usage of meat and the side dishes areShow MoreRelatedProject Mgmt296381 Words   |  1186 Pages4 Projects and programs (.2) 2.1 The project life cycle (.2.3) App. G.1 The project manager App. G.7 Political and social environments F.1 Integration of project management processes [3.1] 6.5.2 Setting a schedule baseline [8.1.4] 6.5.3.1 Setting a resource schedule 6.5.2.4 Resource leveling 7.2 Setting a cost and time baseline schedule (1.3.5) [8.1.3] 6.5.2.3 Critical chain method Chapter 9 Chapter 10 Reducing Project Duration Leadership Chapter 2 Organization Strategy and Project Selection Read MoreMarketing Mistakes and Successes175322 Words   |  702 PagesStarbucks ten years from going public to reach $3.3 billion in revenues. It has taken you ten years to grow Boston Beer to a $260 million firm. You are depressed at this but determined to greatly increase your company’s growth. How would you go about setting Boston Beer on this great growth path? Be as specific as you can. What dangers do you see ahead? 2. It is 1986, and Boston Beer is beginning its growth after hiring Pittsburgh Brewery to produce its beer. Jim Koch has charged you with coordinating

The Pathophysiology Of Malaria ( Plasmodium Sp - 2627 Words

BY 373 Cell Biology Research Paper The Pathophysiology of Malaria (Plasmodium sp.) 26 October 2014 Michael Sanders Jacksonville State University Most of us have heard of the disease Malaria and are familiar with the fact that it is transmitted by mosquitos. We also all know that it occurs mainly in third-world, poverty-stricken areas, such as Africa and South America. However, there is a great deal of microbiology behind these deadly, microscopic diseases that makes them particularly fascinating and opens the reader’s eyes and to just how complex these organisms can be, as well as the havoc they can wreak on one’s internal body systems. Malaria infects an estimated 219 million people a year, while it claims about 660,000†¦show more content†¦They then begin to attack and invade the red blood cells in which they will reproduce asexually and continue to release newly-formed merozoites which constantly compound upon themselves and infect more and more red blood cells, causing the symptoms associated with Malaria. Occasionally, these infected red blood cells will replicated into sexual forms of the parasite (known as gametocytes) that will continually run rampant in the blood stream until another mosquito comes along and feeds upon the same host. From here, the mosquito will ingest those gametocytes which will then produces thousands of active forms of sporozoites that will be in turn implanted into a different host’s liver and bloodstream upon being bitten by that mosquito. If this disease is left untreated and mosquitos are able to live freely, Malaria will certainly proliferate in whatever area it is established in. (NIH 2012) Treatment of malaria is largely dependent upon the severity of the case. At this current point in time there is still no actual vaccine for malaria so it is instead treated. In the un-advanced, uncomplicated stages, it tends to simply be treated with anti-malarial oral medications. These include Chloroquine and Artemisinin, with the most common being artemisinin. This particular drug is the most effective and has shown to have significant improvements in conditions in just one to threeShow MoreRelatedPathophysiology Of Diseases And Diseases Essay971 Words   |  4 PagesPATHOPHYSIOLOGY: Malaria Description: Malaria is a protozoan infection distinguished by convulsions of chills, fever, sweating, and by anemia, splenomegaly, acidosis, and a chronic relapsing course. The life cycle of the malarial parasite starts when a female Anopheles mosquito, feeding on a person with malaria, ingests blood containing gametocytes. These cells undergo sexual development within the mosquito, ending as sporozoites located in the insect’s salivary glands. The mosquito then

Problems and Prospects of the Chongming Dontan Ramsar Site Free Essays

string(69) " wreck the environmental heath of Dongtan site in different degrees\." Name: Su Zhelong UtasNum: 144362 SOUNum: 0991340 Word Count: 1846 KGA 378 Long Essay: Pressures, Problems and Prospects of the Chongming Dontan Ramsar Site I. Introduction From the pre-industrial period to post-industrial period, the problems caused by environment deterioration always come with the great economic growth and significant technical promotion. To equilibrate social development and environmental health puzzles people all over the world at present while poverty still affect one fifth of human population after the population explosion and accelerating urbanization. We will write a custom essay sample on Problems and Prospects of the Chongming Dontan Ramsar Site or any similar topic only for you Order Now The contradiction typically occurs in the coastal zones, which are under the pressure from population growth, pollution, over-exploitation of resources and habitat degradation due to these areas hold approximately half of the world’s population. In China, the whole country is fueled by â€Å"powerful social and economic forces† that are â€Å"promoting individual development and land reclamation† (Yang, 1999; Yang et al. , 2001 cited in Zhao et al. , 2004). This author focused on the Chongming Dongtan Ramsar Site as a case to discuss its pressures, problems and prospects in the development dilemma of the changing world. Chongming Island is the third largest island in China(1200km2) and the largest alluvial island in the world that located in north of Shanghai city. As a migratory staging and wintering site for millions of birds and spawning and feeding grounds for 63 species of fish, Chongming Dongtan provides important ecological services with its extraordinary resources. (Zhao et al. , 2004) The essay used SWOT analysis process to evaluate the ecological situation of Chongming Dongtan Ramsar Site, therefore, the article discussed this issue from four main aspects: strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats. II. SWOT Analysis: Strengths The strengths of Chongming Dongtan Ramsar site can be concluded as three respects: geographic advantages, abundant resources and biological diversity. Firstly, the Chongming Dongtan is the most large-scaled and well-developed tidal wetland and the mouth of the river. It is located in the easternmost Chongming Island that formed by the sediment accumulation from the runoff of Yangzi River. Moreover, the Dongtan is still increasing in size by about 500 ha annually to the East Ocean through the deposition of sand. (Zhao et al. 2004) This position, the coastal area in the center of Yangzi Delta, is the midpoint along the only way that must be passed of migratory birds in Pacific Asia that many birds stop here to take rest and food when they pass by in spring and summer. Besides, it is also a wintering site for millions of birds because of its moderate climate (Shi et al. , 2001). Secondly, the extensive tidal-flat area and hierarchical distribution make the D ongtan rich in both inorganic and organic resources. The luxuriant aquatic plant and massive plankton provide adequate food for birds and reptiles. As a habitat, especially in winter, the widely flourishingly growing reed is very suitable to perch and hatch for birds. Lastly, the Dongtan site has amazing biological diversity that 63 species of fish including the rare animal which is on the verge of extinction – Chinese sturgeon and 108 species of migratory birds. The total number of the birds aggregates three million which is the tenth of China and quarter of Shanghai area. III. SWOT Analysis: Weaknesses Since 1960s the Chinese, both government and civilians, started to exploit the Chongming Island, the total annual ecosystem service values in Dongtan keep declining until today. Especially after the reform and open, the fast industrialization and economic development accelerate the environmental degradation in Dongtan. Just between 1990 and 2000, the total ecosystem service values had reduced 62%, which was largerly attributable to the 71% loss of wetlands and tidal flats. (Zhao et al. , 2004) According to relative research, the main reasons, also the weakness, of Dongtan are mostly from two aspects: the depletion caused by overdevelopment and inning and the water discharge pollution. From 1964 to 2001, there were more than 20 times of inning activity that occupied over 14198. hm. The inning activities becomes increasingly frequent and large-scaled that result in the wetlands/tidal flats shrunk from 12,432 ha in 1990 to 7915ha in 1997, and 3856 ha in 2000. In contrast, the orchard /plant nursery had increased from 80 ha in 1990 to 3863 ha in 2000. (Zhao et al. , 2004) The detailed situation of land structure changes had been listed in the following tables: T ables from Zhao B. , Kreuter U. , Li B. , Ma Z. , Chen J. Nakagoshi N. , 2004, An Ecosystem Service Value Assessment of Land-use Change on Chongming Island, China, Land Use Policy, Volume 21, pages 139-148. In addition, the reed regions area fell off from 2039. 78 hm to 810. 17 hm and the salt marsh area decreased from 539. 27 hm to 391. 43 hm. Influenced by the changes, many birds are forced to leave the original habitat so that the total number of birds dropped with the tidal reduction. These irrational distributions of land use broke up the ecosystem balance and caused high rate of environmental services loss that will bring serious negative ecological consequences in long term. The shortsighted activities will finally limit the development of the area and lead to economically costly outcomes. The other weakness of Dongtan site is the water quality degradation because of the sewage discharge. There are 16 township enterprises use 166. 67 tidal lands to initiate ship dismantlement factories, which produced serious water pollution with waste oil and Toxic chemical substances that make the large-area reed withered or dead. Particularly in the combined concentrated sewage discharge outlets, the water quality of both the intertidal and offshore was polluted by the heavy metal contamination and organic pollution (PAHs and LABs). Shi et al. , 2001) from almost three million m3 sewage per day is discharged to the coastal zone water body. Compared with the industrial centralized sewage discharge, the non-point pollution from urban runoff, agriculture and aquaculture contributes much more significant percentage of the total pollution. Despite these two factors, poaching activities and wetland grazing also wreck the environmental heath of Dongtan site in different degrees. You read " Problems and Prospects of the Chongming Dontan Ramsar Site" in category "Essay examples" IV. SWOT Analysis: Opportunities In 1992, the Chongming Dongtan had been put in the Chinese Protected Wetland Dictionary while it was brought into The Ramsar Convention on Wetlands of International Importance and other international important wetland lists. The Dongtan sites undertake the functions of environmental damage resisting, environment purifying and maintain the biological diversity. Due to its great meaning for sustainable development of multiple regions, the Shanghai City made decisions of constructing Chongming Island into the largest ecological island in China. The Chongming Dongtan Wetland Nature Protection Area, Chongming Dongtan Migratory Birds Nature Protection Area of Shanghai and Chongming Dongtan Wetland Park had been established in succession. The foundation of these protection areas will effectively retard the environmental degradation in Dongtan site and promote the environmental quality through policy and integrated management. At the same time, in order to lighten the pressure of exploit on the wetland, the government has built a convenient communication network to stimulate the tourist industry and economic growth. The overall plan of Dongtan transport system development has four parts: * Freeway traffic: the G40 line, important part of national highway network that connects East China and North China, will cross the Chongming Island through Shanghai Yangzi River Tunnel; * Rail transit: the subway 9th line will reach the Chengjia Town in Chongming Island across the Yangzi River; * Water traffic: dork construction along the south band of the Yangzi River; * Air traffic: the parking apron for helicopter in the International Forum Island, which is in the south of Dongtan Avenue, has been built already. To deal with the water pollution from sewage discharge, the Chongming ecological construction plan states that the wetland sewage treatment project is under building. This project aims to concentrate both industrial and sanitary sewage to purge before discharge to improve the water quality of the area. Three of the 9 programmed sewage disposal works had been accomplished and come into service. The total sewage treatment system includes sewage collection network, preprocessing system and artificial wetland processing system. The treated water can be directly discharge into the farmland or irrigate plants. This sewage treatment system can handle 6 million tons of water per day that is the biggest sewage disposal work in Chongming Island. V. SWOT Analysis: Threats The last section is to analysis the potential problems or threats to the future development of the Chongming Dongtan Ramsar Site. As the arguer had mentioned before, the Chongming Dongtan is formed by the sand sedimentation from the water flow of the Yangzi River. Thus the area of the wetland/tidal flats still keeps increasing because the sedimentation process continues to bring solid matter. However, the water conservancy construction in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River, like the Three Gorges Hydropower Station and . projects to divert water from the south to the north, substantially diminishes the sediment charge of the current while the water flow does not change. Less sediment concentration slows down the speed of wetland and tidal flats increasing. Corresponding, affected by the storm surge, many coastal areas have been widespread eroded. The problem will become more and more serious if no measures are taken. Every year, thousands of fishing vessels gather from different provinces to Chongming Dongtan to fish for eels. The massive fishery activity invades and occupies the habitat of birds and brings significant pollution like noise of motor and engine oil. The geese and ducks overwintering has been serious disturbed that they could not foraging and perch safely and peacefully. The frail ecosystem that is lack of unified management has been wantonly destroyed from the immoderate seining. (Yin, Jiang Li, 2008) In addition, the local plants like scirpus mariqueter and reed provide necessary food and habitat for migratory birds. Notwithstanding, the invasive alien species like spartina is growing in extreme abundance and snatching resources from local plants while these invasive alien species cannot take place of the local plants’ functions. (Yuan et al. , 2003) Therefore, if the reed has be instead of the invasive alien species, the species and quantity of the bird will sharply decrease thus the environmental services of tidal flats are not functioning properly. VI. Conclusion In conclusion, after the SWOT analysis of the Chongming Dongtan Ramsar Site, the author had summarized the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats. The pressures of the Dongtan mostly come from over exploit, resource depletion and human-made pollution from many aspects especially the sewage discharge. The reduction of wetlands/tidal flats caused by enclose tideland for cultivation and less sediment concentration in water flow of Yangzi River and immoderate seining are the major problems for the protection area. However, a number of measures taken by the government of Shanghai City, for instance, the foundation of three natural protection areas, integrated high speed communication network and sewage treatment works, will make remarkable difference to the present situation. The author considered the poor management of Dongtan site as the primary restriction to limit its development. Thus, applying the integrated coastal zone management (ICZM) will be a proper solution to develop and protect the Dongtan and its resources. By uniforming a common objective of national and local authorities, the ICZM will promote the way of coastal area using and balance the demands from natural, economic, cultural and social needs. (Shi et al. , 2001) VII. Reference O? Connell M. , 2000. , Threats to Waterbirds and Wetlands: Implications for Conservation, Inventory and Research, Wildfowl, Volume 51, pages 1-15. Shi C. , Hutchinson S. M. , Yu L. Xu S. , 2001, Towards a Sustainable Coast: An Integrated Coastal Zone Management Framework for Shanghai, People? Republic of China, Ocean Coastal Management, Volume 44, pages 411-427. Tian B. , Zhang L. , Wang X. , Zhou Y. Zhang W. , 2010, Forecasting the effects of sea-level rise at Chongming Dongtan Nature Reserve in the Yangtze Delta, Shanghai, China, Available at: http://www. sciencedirect. com/science/article/pii/S0925857410001709 [Access at May 15th 2012] Yin H. , Jiang W. Li J. , 2008, Simulation of Non-Point Pollutants Evolution in Coastal Plain Island-A Case Study of Chongming Island, Available at: http://www. sciencedirect. om/science/article/pii/S1001605808600530 [Access at May 15th 2012] Yuan W. , James P. , Hodgson K. , Hutchinson S. M. Shi C. , 2003, Development of sustainability indicators by communities in China: a case study of Chongming County, Shanghai, Available at: http://www. sciencedirect. com/science/article/pii/S030147970300063X [Access at May 15th 2012] Zhao B. , Kreuter U. , Li B. , Ma Z. , Chen J. Nakagoshi N. , 2004, An Ecosystem Service Value Assessment of Land-use Change on Chongming Island, China, Land Use Policy, Volume 21, pages 139-148. How to cite Problems and Prospects of the Chongming Dontan Ramsar Site, Essay examples

Netflix Case Solution Research Paper Example

Netflix Case Solution Paper Anthony Morand Master in Business Management 1 – How is the online movie rental business changing? Map the industry’s value chain from end to end. Since the creation of Netflix in 1997, the online movie rental business has been changing constantly forcing companies to adapt their strategy. At the earliest activity of Netflix, Blockbuster dominated the market and customers were renting VHS movies and DVDs directly from retail locations, around 70% of the rental concerned new releases. Then Netflix popularized the online movie rental by offering its customers the possibility to rent a movie directly from its website to finally have the DVD mailed to them. Afterward, Netflix has to face a growing competitor network, not only from classical retail locations but also on Internet. Customers became more and more demanding about the delay of deliveries, the availability and choice of the movies and the flexibility concerning the fees for late returns. Customers started to subscribe to prepaid plans enabling them to rent a number of DVDs relative to their plan or package. The next big step came with the development of video- ­? on- ­? demand a mix between pay- ­? per- ­? view programing and Internet downloading and the apparition of HD movies. Customer could now directly watch heir movie on specific TV channels or on Internet; they were also able to download them. We will write a custom essay sample on Netflix Case Solution specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Netflix Case Solution specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Netflix Case Solution specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The process was and is still complicated and even if VOD is the future of online movie rental the adoption is slow. For VOD to become a mass product market it need to become easier without having some kind of transition system between a PC and a computer but it also need to have a large choice of movies which is filtrated by licencing obligations. Most of the company use a similar value chain model. After the inbound logistic process in which companies buy the DVDs to their suppliers, the customers subscribes to the service and create a profile ith information which will help the company to promote a selected range of DVDs. Customers can chose different plans such as unlimited, 3 movies per months etc. usually charge monthly. When the selection is made by the customer the movie is mailed to him and when he has finished to watch it, he send it back to the company in a provided prepaid envelope. Now, most companies let customers keep the movies as long as they want without charging any extra. The all process could be summarized as fallow: Marketing and communication operations Aquisition of the movie, warehousing and inventory 2 - ­? What are the underlying forces that are riving industry change and are their impacts favourable or unfavourable? The industry change is directly linked to Internet evolution and the growing number of films, series, music etc. Indeed as explained in the case the industry growth is based for 70% on technology and 30% on art which makes the activity hard to forecast. The availability of more and more content the last years has positively impact the demand. Also the development of the cable TV, and the continuously growing content on Internet have participated to this increasing demand and contributed to change customer expectations who now want their needs to be satisfy as oon and as cheap as possible. Internet ecommerce and security of payment are also linked to these changes, peoples feel more confident to make online transaction than before . Online piracy such as peer- ­? to- ­? peer negatively affect the industry by enabling potential customers to get their movie rapidly, for free ands sometime even before they came out on the theatre. Until now, the bad quality of Subscription of cutomers and creation of its profile Selection of the movies from the customer VOD Download or instant watching Customer send back the movie Movie is watch by the customer Classic System Shipping pirated films was a break to ts development but this is a trend that starts to disappear with the recent availability of HD films. Finally, they are still many zones that are still not properly equipped for Internet and this is big threat for Netflix who operate only on the web. 3 - ­? How strong are the competitive forces confronting Netflix in the DVD rental marketplace and what is their impact on competitive intensity and future industry profitability? Do a  « five- ­? forces  » analysis to support you answer. The market for Netflex is highly competitive, indeed the company face both online and traditional competitors. In terms of existing competitors, the main nes are Blockbuster, Hollywood video, Movie gallery etc. each one has its own competitive advantage. For example Netflix is the pioneer of online movie rental, they are specialized in non famous movies and benefit from a large choice of videos comparing to classic retailers which are restricted by their store size. Netflix’s website enables a better understanding of its customers needs and thus a better advertising strategy. In the other hand comparing to Blockbuster who own a huge network of retailers they suffer from a lack of immediacy, they can only reach Internet users. The new entrants on VOD market such as Vongo or MovieBeam epresent an important threat for Netflix regarding all the ventures and agreements that have already been made. Also, these players offer essentially VOD services which are supposed to be the futur e of the online market. In the other hand there is not a big risk to see many companies entering this market because of the high capital required to get access to the movies’ licences. Buyers’ power is very high because they have many stores or website available to rent their movies and they have access to the different prices. Suppliers’ power could be high for new releases but for independent productions or old movies their power trend to ecrease. This is an opportunity for Netflix which is consider as the specialist of non famous films. Supplier power is also dependent on how many they are working with the same distributor. It seems that their power is very high on the VOD market especially in the US because of the need of licence from the content owner. In terms of product of substitution, apart of video theatres, Apple is in my opinion a dangerous competitor with Itunes or the Apple TV. They also offer portable VOD with the possibility to rent a movie and to watch directly on an Ipod, Ipad etc. Film piracy is also a huge threat for all the industry, more and more eople are now able to find what they are looking for in a few click for free at a quality very close to original DVDs. 4 – What does your strategic group map of this industry look like? Is Netflix well positioned? Why or why not? Large Choice Netflix Direct comp. Blockbuster†¦ Internet VOD Vongo, MovieBeam Small Slow Apple Cable TV Time for delivery Fast After years competing on the online movie market Netflix and Blockbuster both performed pretty well. Blockbuster has an important network of retailers which enable a fast service and Netflix an large stock of movies especially not well known ones. They are distributed through a nique website enabling the company to offer a biggest choice for a reduced cost. This is a short term analysis and there is, in my opinion, a new way to see the market, in three or Five years from now we can make the hypotheses that nobody will be renting a movie in a retail store or even more from Internet where customer need to do the effort to return the DVD per mail. The key success factors in the future seems to be the rapidity to provide a movie and a large choice always available without difficulties. At the moment Cable TV have an advantage on this On- ­? demand emerging market by providing a movie immediately and directly the TV screen which remain the favourite customers support. However, even if this is more convenient than transferring a movie from a computer to a TV, they suffer from a lack of choice. Internet VOD allows customers to access to a larger film selection even if this one is still restricted and inferior as traditional players. If online mail order business trend to disappear, it would be hard to say that Netflix is better positioned than Blockbuster, both company could not be able to survive. However Netflix has some advantages that can help them to succeed on the long term. Indeed, Netflix already has an important network of customers and nformation about them, also it is the only one specialised in independent movies with the most important choice of films which involve existing agreement with suppliers. Even if in the short term Netflix is still well positioned it will not remain like that on the long term and it will depend on its next move. 5- ­? Does Netflix has adequate competitive strength to go head- ­? to- ­? head against Blockbuster and other key rivals? What does Netflix need to do to strengthen its competitive position and business prospects vis- ­? a- ­? vis Blockbuster and other rivals? As we have seen previously, Netflix has competitive advantages that enable the